Kabhoni ndeimwe yezvinhu zvikuru zvesimbi yeindasitiri. Mashandiro uye chimiro chesimbi zvinonyanya kutsanangurwa nehuwandu uye kupararira kwekabhoni musimbi. Mhedzisiro yekabhoni inonyanya kukosha musimbi isina tsvina. Simba rekabhoni pachimiro chesimbi isina tsvina rinonyanya kuratidzwa mumativi maviri. Kune rumwe rutivi, kabhoni chinhu chinosimbisa austenite, uye mhedzisiro yacho yakakura (inenge ka30 kupfuura nickel), kune rumwe rutivi, nekuda kwekubatana kwakanyanya kwekabhoni nechromium. Yakakura, ine chromium - nhevedzano yakaoma yemakabhoni. Naizvozvo, maererano nesimba uye kuramba ngura, basa rekabhoni musimbi isina tsvina rinopesana.
Tichiziva mutemo wesimba iri, tinogona kusarudza simbi dzisina ngura dzine kabhoni yakasiyana zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvekushandiswa.
Semuenzaniso, huwandu hwechromium hwakajairika hwemhando shanu dzesimbi dze0Crl3~4Cr13, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa muindasitiri uye iri shoma, hwakaiswa pa12~14%, kureva kuti, zvinhu zvinoita kuti kabhoni nechromium zviumbe chromium carbide zvinofungwa. Chinangwa chikuru ndechekuti mushure mekunge kabhoni nechromium zvabatanidzwa kuita chromium carbide, huwandu hwechromium mu solid solution hahuzove hwakaderera pane huwandu hwechromium hushoma hwe11.7%.
Kana tichitaura nezvemhando dzesimbi shanu idzi, nekuda kwekusiyana kwehuwandu hwekabhoni, simba rayo uye kuramba kwayo kuita ngura zvakasiyanawo. Kuramba kwayo kuita ngura kwesimbi ye0Cr13~2Crl3 kuri nani asi simba rayo rakaderera pane resimbi ye3Crl3 ne4Cr13. Inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira zvikamu zvechivakwa.
Nekuda kwehuwandu hwekabhoni yakawanda, mhando mbiri dzesimbi dzinogona kuwana simba rakawanda uye dzinonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira masipiringi, mapanga nezvimwe zvikamu zvinoda simba rakawanda uye kudzivirira kupfeka. Semuenzaniso, kuti tikunde ngura yesimbi isina ngura ye18-8 chromium-nickel, huwandu hwekabhoni hwesimbi hunogona kuderedzwa kusvika pasi pe0.03%, kana chimwe chinhu (titanium kana niobium) chine hukama hwakakura kupfuura chromium uye kabhoni chinogona kuwedzerwa kudzivirira kuti isagadzire kabhoni. Semuenzaniso, chromium, kana kuomarara kwakanyanya uye kuramba kupfeka zviri izvo zvinodiwa zvikuru, tinogona kuwedzera huwandu hwekabhoni hwesimbi uku tichiwedzera huwandu hwechromium zvakakodzera, kuitira kuti tisangane nezvinodiwa zvekuomarara uye kuramba kupfeka, uye kufunga nezveimwe kuramba ngura, kushandiswa kwemaindasitiri semabheyaringi, maturusi ekuyera uye mablades ane simbi isina ngura ye9Cr18 ne9Cr17MoVCo, kunyangwe huwandu hwekabhoni huri pamusoro pe0.85 ~ 0.95%, nekuti huwandu hwavo hwechromium hunowedzerwawo zvinoenderana, saka zvichiri kuvimbisa kuramba ngura. Zvinoda.
Kazhinji, huwandu hwekabhoni musimbi dzisina ngura dziri kushandiswa muindasitiri iyi hwakaderera. Mazhinji esimbi dzisina ngura ane huwandu hwekabhoni huri pakati pe0.1 ne0.4%, uye simbi dzisingapindi acid dzine huwandu hwekabhoni huri pakati pe0.1 ne0.2%. Simbi dzisina ngura dzine huwandu hwekabhoni huri pamusoro pe0.4% dzinongoumba chikamu chidiki chehuwandu hwemagiredhi ese, nekuti pasi pemamiriro mazhinji ekushandiswa, simbi dzisina ngura dzinogara dzichidzivirira ngura sechinangwa chadzo chikuru. Pamusoro pezvo, huwandu hwakaderera hwekabhoni hunokonzerwawo nezvimwe zvinodiwa pakuita, zvakaita sekunge nyore kupinza uye kutonhora.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-27-2022
